畜禽业

目的 探究山楂-黄连药对及其复方对金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌活性和体内保护效果，为开发防治畜禽金黄色葡萄球菌感染的中药替抗制剂提供试验依据。方法 基于中医“君臣佐使”配伍理论构建中药复方;通过体外抑菌试验(抑菌圈测定、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)测定)明确9味中药的抑菌活性;根据昆明小鼠感染模型的治疗与预防试验评价9味中药及其复方的体内效果，并与抗生素防治效果对照。结果 体外试验中，单味山楂、黄连对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌圈直径分别为22.36、22.69 mm(均为极敏)，MIC分别为7.81、15.63 mg/mL。所构建的中药复方抑菌圈直径为14.79 mm(中敏)，MIC为62.50 mg/mL。体内试验中，复方低浓度组治疗存活率为60%，高浓度组预防存活率为60%;效果接近中敏抗生素对照组。结论 山楂-黄连药对及复方对金黄色葡萄球菌具有明确的抑制作用，且在动物模型中展现出良好的治疗与预防能力，在畜禽细菌性感染的绿色防控中具有开发应用价值。

Objective This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo protective effects of the Hawthorn(Crataegus pinnatifida)-Coptis chinensis(Coptis chinensis Franch.) herb pair and its compound formula against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus),to provide an experimental basis for developing traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) alternatives to antibiotics for preventing and treating S. aureus infections in livestock and poultry. Methods The antibacterial activities of nine single Chinese herbs against S. aureus were screened in vitro by measuring the inhibition zone diameters and minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC). A TCM compound formula was constructed based on the screening results and the compatibility theory of “sovereign,minister,assistant,and courier”. The efficacy of the compound was evaluated through in vivo treatment and prevention trials on Kunming mouse model infected with S. aureus and compared with the effect of antibiotics prevention. Results In vitro,single herb of Hawthorn and Coptis chinensis exhibited significant inhibitory effects against S. aureus,with inhibition zone diameter of 22. 36 mm and 22. 69 mm respectively(both highly sensitive),and MIC of 7. 81 mg/m L and 15. 63 mg/m L respectively.The constructed TCM compound demonstrated moderate sensitivity in vitro against S. aureus(inhibition zone diameter 14. 79 mm,MIC 62. 50 mg/m L). In vivo,the survival rate of the low-dose compound treatment group was 60%,and that of the highdose compound prevention group was 60%,showing effects being close to the medium-sensitivity antibiotic control group. Conclusion The Hawthorn-Coptis chinensis herb pair and its compound formula possess definite anti-S. aureus activity and demonstrate good therapeutic and preventive potential in animal models,indicating promising application value in the green prevention and control of bacterial infections in livestock and poultry.